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Substance Abuse: Archives

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Items 101-125 of 442 are shown

Mindfulness Reduces Smoking

As a stand-alone treatment, mindfulness training seems effective for smoking cessation.

Smoking Raises Surgical Risk

A retrospective analysis reveals that smokers have worse perioperative outcomes, but optimum timing for preoperative tobacco cessation remains unclear.

Genetics of Psychosocial Stress–Induced Alcohol Consumption

In both mice and men, a risk allele of a circadian rhythm gene interacts with psychosocial stress to induce excessive drinking.

Spiritual Beliefs Associated with Better Drinking Outcomes

Changes in beliefs over 6 months predicted later improvement in alcohol dependence.

Reviews of Note

Neurobiology of depression; treating refractory depression; adolescents with substance use disorders; gambling disorders; neurobiology of sleep and wakefulness; exercise to improve cognition; leptin, metabolism, and psychiatric disorders.

Drugs and Fatal Motor Vehicle Accidents

In 25% of fatal single-vehicle accidents, drivers tested positive for drugs, and stimulants especially contributed to fatal crashes, independent of blood alcohol level.

Patients Can Be Released Safely After Receiving Naloxone for Heroin Overdose

In more than 500 patients who received naloxone but refused transport after reversal, no deaths related to the incident overdoses occurred.

Low-Dose CT Screening Lowered Lung Cancer–Related Mortality

But false-positive computed tomography test results were common in a cohort of older smokers.

Cell Phone Text Messages Aid in Smoking Cessation

Sample message: "TODAY is the start of being QUIT forever, you can do it! [sic]"

Do You Hallucinate with Those Double-Shot Espresso Extreme Energy Fusion Vente Jolts?

In healthy individuals, hallucinatory symptoms are associated with high daily caffeine intake and high life-stress levels, especially when combined.

The Latest Word on Pot and Susceptibility to Psychosis

A meta-analysis indicates a specific association between cannabis use and earlier onset of psychosis.

Smoking Raises Risk for Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease in Women

However, PAD risk decreases with increasing duration of smoking abstinence.

Test for Illicit Drugs in Children Evaluated for Abuse or Neglect

Fifteen percent of children evaluated for suspected maltreatment tested positive for illicit drugs; predictors included neglect, soft-tissue injuries and burns, public or no health insurance, parental drug abuse, and history of domestic violence.

Varenicline: No Harm, but Little Benefit

Rates of adverse psychiatric reactions were similar with varenicline and placebo, but the abstinence rate was low.

Does Cannabis Impair Cognition in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis?

Information-processing speed, executive function, and visuospatial perception were significantly worse among long-term cannabis users than among nonusers in a cross-sectional study of MS patients.

Secondhand Smoke in the Brain

Secondhand smoke has measurable and detrimental behavioral and neurobiological effects.

"Bath Salts" Intoxication

Investigation into a cluster of cases in Michigan leads to characterization of this new recreational drug.

Extended-Release Naltrexone Lowers Relapse Risk After Opioid Detoxification

But this study did not use an active comparator and did not report posttreatment risks.

Adult-Supervised Alcohol Use Doesn't Teach Adolescents to Drink Responsibly

Supervised use is associated with more alcohol-related harmful consequences in teens.

Cancer Attributable to Alcohol Consumption

Overall, 10% of cancers in men and 3% in women were attributable to drinking.

Physiological Effects of Water-Pipe Tobacco Smoking

Effects are similar to those of cigarette smoking.

Incarceration and Adherence to HIV Treatment

The more times HIV-infected injection-drug users were incarcerated, the less likely they were to be adherent to their antiretroviral therapy.

Examining the Tobacco–Tuberculosis Link

In mice, cigarette smoke was associated with excess vulnerability to primary TB through a range of immune mediators.

Does Gambling Disorder Precede Other Psychiatric Disorders?

Pathological gambling may be a gateway disorder.

COPD — Not Just in Smokers

Among never-smokers, 12% had spirometric evidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Items 101-125 of 442 are shown

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