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STDs: Archives

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Items 326-350 of 803 are shown

Which HIV Test Is Best in High-Incidence Groups?

In a study of specimens from Seattle-area MSM, a rapid antibody test detected HIV infection less well than did either enzyme immunoassay antibody testing or nucleic-acid amplification testing.

Sex-Drug Use Increases HIV Risk for MSM

In a cohort of HIV-uninfected MSM, the use of poppers, stimulants, or erectile dysfunction drugs significantly increased the risk for acquiring HIV.

Does Abacavir/3TC Still Have a Role in First-Line Therapy for HIV?

In the HEAT randomized trial, abacavir/3TC was noninferior to tenofovir/FTC when each was used in combination with lopinavir/r in treatment-naive patients, regardless of pretreatment viral load.

Stepwise Efavirenz Decreases Neurotoxicity

Neuropsychiatric side effects during the initial weeks of efavirenz therapy can be reduced by building up to the full dose gradually.

Another Benefit to Starting ART Early: Lower Risk for Resistance

Among patients who experienced virologic rebound in this observational cohort study, risk for resistance was decreased in those who initiated ART at CD4 counts >350 cells/mm3.

Failure on First-Line Lopinavir/r Monotherapy: High Rates of PI Resistance

Results from the MONARK trial do not support lopinavir/r monotherapy as first-line treatment for HIV infection, because it was both less effective and more likely to cause major PI resistance than triple therapy with lopinavir/r, AZT, and 3TC.

Assisted Reproduction for Couples with HIV-Positive Male Partners

IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection using washed sperm is safe and effective.

Hepatitis B and HIV — A Tale of Two Viruses

In HIV-infected women with isolated antibody to hepatitis B core antigen, use of ART was associated with acquisition of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen.

Cutaneous Non–AIDS-Defining Cancers in HIV-Infected Individuals

Such cancers are not associated with immune status or receipt of ART.

Clinical Effectiveness of HBV Vaccination in HIV-Positive Patients

In an observational cohort study that showed a high incidence of hepatitis B virus infection after HIV diagnosis, HBV vaccination was effective only in a subgroup with HBV surface antibody titers ≥10 IU/L.

Rifampin-Resistant TB During Boosted PI Therapy in HIV Patients

In New York City, three HIV patients with tuberculosis developed rifampin resistance after being switched to boosted PI therapy and alternate-day rifabutin.

PEPFAR in Sub-Saharan Africa: Effects on HIV-Related Outcomes

An analysis of PEPFAR’s effectiveness in 12 African countries reveals a significant decrease in the number of HIV-related deaths, but not in HIV prevalence.

Recycling Enfuvirtide: Possible Clinical Benefit

Salvage therapy that included enfuvirtide appeared to show a survival benefit in a small, uncontrolled, retrospective study of HIV-positive patients who had already experienced virologic failure on an enfuvirtide-containing regimen.

ART and Neurocognitive Function

HIV-infected patients with neurocognitive impairment can show progressive improvement in function for at least 48 weeks after starting ART.

HPV Vaccine for Women in Mid-Adulthood

Infection and disease were prevented in women between the ages of 24 and 45.

MRSA Colonization and Infection in HIV-Infected Patients

The increased rate of MRSA colonization in HIV-infected patients probably explains their elevated rate of MRSA skin and soft-tissue infections.

High Rate of New HIV Infection in Late Pregnancy

Among pregnant women in South Africa, repeat testing conducted between 36 and 40 weeks of gestation revealed new HIV infection in 3%.

CNS Penetration of ART and Cognitive Performance: An Unexpected Finding

Increased CNS penetration effectiveness of the ART regimen was associated with poorer neurocognitive outcomes, despite increased rates of CSF viral suppression.

Long-Term Nonprogressors and HIV Controllers: Definitions and Prevalence

Very few HIV-positive patients met strict criteria for immunologic stability, virologic control, or both, in a large, prospective cohort study in France.

Growing HIV Epidemic in China Among MSM

Results from surveys conducted in 2006 and 2007 in Chongqing show worrisome increases in HIV prevalence among MSM who frequent bathhouses or saunas, those younger than 25, and those who are married.

ART for HIV/TB-Coinfected Patients Taking Rifampicin: Efavirenz or Nevirapine?

A study conducted in Thailand suggests that an efavirenz-based regimen might be preferable to a nevirapine-based one in HIV/TB-coinfected patients taking rifampicin.

The Puzzle of CD4-Cell Depletion Despite Good Viral Suppression

In some patients, CD4-cell counts fail to rise as expected. Could extensive lymph node fibrosis be responsible?

ART and HCV Activity

ART may decrease hepatic necroinflammatory activity in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with CD4 counts >350 cells/mm3.

No Harm, No Benefit from Maraviroc in Patients with Non-R5 HIV

The addition of maraviroc to optimized background therapy was well tolerated but conferred no virologic benefit in treatment-experienced patients with dual- or mixed-tropic virus.

HIV Testing — Targeting High-Risk Populations

In an innovative program of bathhouse-based HIV testing, 4% of participants were found to be HIV-infected.

Items 326-350 of 803 are shown

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