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Respiratory Infections: Archives

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Items 1-25 of 423 are shown

BRIEFLY NOTED

Myopathy-related risk for arterial disease, low ambient UV and prevalence of immune disease, questioning the link between isotretinoin and IBD, and a severe combined immunodeficiency variant

  • November 20, 2009

H1N1 in Adults Can Be Severe

In California, mortality was higher among hospitalized adults than among hospitalized children.

  • By Abigail Zuger, MD
  • November 19, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Louie JK et al., JAMA 2009 Nov 4; 302:1896

Assays for Invasive Fungal Disease

Two new antigen-based tests show promise and could prove useful for immunocompromised patients.

  • By Neil M. Ampel, MD
  • November 18, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Maertens J et al., Clin Infect Dis 2009 Dec 1; 49:1688
    • Koo S et al., Clin Infect Dis 2009 Dec 1; 49:1650

ECMO for Patients with 2009 H1N1 Influenza and ARDS

In a study from New Zealand and Australia, ECMO was used largely in young adults, most of whom had good outcomes.

  • By John A. Marx, MD, FAAEM
  • November 13, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Davies A et al for the Australia and New Zealand Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation., JAMA 2009 Nov 4; 302:1888

Prevention of Flu Transmission in Households

Hand hygiene and face masks can help prevent the spread of influenza.

Background Events and Mass Vaccination

Knowledge about background rates of disease events is needed to assess events temporally related to vaccination.

  • By Mary E. Wilson, MD
  • November 10, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Black S et al., Lancet 2009 Oct 31
    • DeStefano F and Tokars J., Lancet 2009 Oct 31

Pneumococcal DNA Load in CAP

The <$EMPH_O>Streptococcus pneumoniae<$EMPH_C> DNA load in blood may have both diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

  • By Larry M. Baddour, MD
  • November 10, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Peters RPH et al., J Clin Microbiol 2009 Oct; 47:3308

Long-Acting Bronchodilators With or Without Inhaled Steroids in COPD

Risk for moderate COPD exacerbations, but not severe exacerbations, was lower with combined therapy.

  • By Allan S. Brett, MD
  • November 5, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Rodrigo GJ et al., Chest 2009 Oct; 136:1029

Peramivir for Treatment of 2009 H1N1 Influenza

Responding to a CDC request, the FDA authorized the emergency use of this investigational agent in critically ill patients.

  • By Lynn Estes, PharmD
  • November 4, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Food and Drug Administration (FDA)., 2009 Oct 24
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., 2009 Oct 23
    • Birnkrant D and Cox E., N Engl J Med 2009 Nov 2

New CDC Interim Guidance on HIV and H1N1

HIV-infected individuals are a high-priority group for prevention and treatment of 2009 H1N1 influenza.

  • By Carlos del Rio, MD
  • November 2, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., 2009 Oct 21

Zanamivir (Relenza) Must Not Be Given by Nebulization

Ventilator obstruction was blamed for the death of a woman who received zanamivir inhalation powder that was solubilized and administered by mechanical ventilation.

Surgical Masks or N95 Respirators for the Flu?

In a randomized trial, surgical masks and N95 respirators provided healthcare workers with comparable protection against influenza.

Immune Response from Bronchoalveolar Lavage Mononuclear Cells Diagnoses Active TB

ELISpot performed on bronchoalveolar mononuclear cells had a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 79% in diagnosing active disease.

  • By Neil M. Ampel, MD
  • October 21, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Jafari C et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009 Oct 1; 180:666

Inflammatory Proteins: The Body–Brain Connection

Inflammatory response to vaccination affected participants' sense of well-being and activated specific cortical regions but did not worsen cognitive performance.

  • By Steven Dubovsky, MD
  • October 19, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Harrison NA et al., Biol Psychiatry 2009 Sep 1; 66:415
    • Harrison NA et al., Biol Psychiatry 2009 Sep 1; 66:407

H1N1 Rapid Tests: Poor Sensitivity

Rapid tests for seasonal influenza generally have relatively low sensitivity; their sensitivity for detecting the 2009 H1N1 virus seems even worse.

  • By Stephen G. Baum, MD
  • October 14, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Drexler JF et al., Emerg Infect Dis 2009 Oct; 15:1662

2009 H1N1 Influenza in a Tour Group in China

Influenza developed in 30% of tour members who had talked with an H1N1-infected woman in the group but in none who had not.

  • By Mary E. Wilson, MD
  • October 14, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Han K et al., Emerg Infect Dis 2009 Oct; 15:1578

New Approach to Treating Tuberculosis

Targeting nonreplicative bacteria might avert long courses of therapy for TB patients.

Is Your Shower Like the Shower in the Bates Motel?

Researchers analyzed the microbial population living inside showerheads.

  • By Jan V. Hirschmann, MD
  • October 9, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Feazel LM et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009 Sep 22; 106:16393

Antibiotic Guideline Compliance and Outcomes for CAP

Two large studies support guideline-based care.

  • By J. Stephen Bohan, MD, MS, FACP, FACEP
  • October 9, 2009
  • Covering:
    • McCabe C et al., Arch Intern Med 2009 Sep 14; 169:1525
    • Arnold FW et al., Arch Intern Med 2009 Sep 14; 169:1515
    • Sharpe BA., Arch Intern Med 2009 Sep 14; 169:1462

Strep Antibodies and PANDAS: An Animal Study

Researchers tie behavioral abnormalities to strep-associated antibodies.

  • By Barbara Geller, MD
  • October 9, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Yaddanapudi K et al., Mol Psychiatry 2009 Aug 11

Pneumonia Severity and Bacterial Load

In patients with community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia, high bacterial load at admission was associated with need for mechanical ventilation, development of shock, and in-hospital death.

  • By Thomas Glück, MD
  • October 7, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Rello J et al., Chest 2009 Sep; 136:832

CAP Treatment Recommendations: Guided in the Right Direction

Results of two large cohort studies indicate that adherence to guidelines for treating community-acquired pneumonia is a good thing.

  • By Larry M. Baddour, MD
  • October 7, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Arnold FW et al., Arch Intern Med 2009 Sep 14; 169:1515
    • McCabe C et al., Arch Intern Med 2009 Sep 14; 169:1525
    • Sharpe BA., Arch Intern Med 2009 Sep 14; 169:1462

Procalcitonin Algorithm Reduces Antibiotic Use for Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Without increasing adverse outcomes of disease

  • By John A. Marx, MD, FAAEM
  • October 2, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Schuetz P et al., JAMA 2009 Sep 9; 302:1059
    • Yealy DM and Fine MJ., JAMA 2009 Sep 9; 302:1115

More on Blood β-Glucan to Diagnose PCP

In a study conducted in Japan, 96% of patients with HIV-related PCP had abnormal β-glucan levels.

  • By Paul E. Sax, MD
  • September 28, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Watanabe T et al., Clin Infect Dis 2009 Oct 1; 49:1128

Comparative Efficacy of Seasonal Influenza Vaccines

Inactivated vaccine was more efficacious than live-attenuated vaccine in healthy adults.

  • By Lynn L. Estes, PharmD
  • September 23, 2009
  • Covering:
    • Monto AS et al., N Engl J Med 2009 Sep 24; 361:1260
Items 1-25 of 423 are shown

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