Short vs. Long Course of Antibiotics for Pediatric Septic Arthritis
A short 10-day course was sufficient in uncomplicated cases.
Neonatal CMV Infection in Breast-Fed Preemies
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Only 9 of 62 premature infants breast-fed by CMV-positive mothers became infected; long-term outcomes were good.
New Treatment for Bronchiolitis in Infants
Nebulized 3% saline in conjunction with bronchodilators shortened hospital stay and lowered clinical severity.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
May 13, 2009
Covering:
Zhang L et al., Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008 Oct 8
Combined Epinephrine and Dexamethasone Therapy for Bronchiolitis?
Emergency Medicine Summary and Comment
Free
This study did not show clear benefit for combination therapy with nebulized epinephrine and oral dexamethasone.
Inhaled Steroids Do Not Prevent Recurrent RSV-Induced Bronchiolitis
Emergency Medicine Summary and Comment
Free
In infants admitted with RSV infection, early use of inhaled beclomethasone did not reduce the number of days or proportion of patients with wheeze at 1 year.
The CDC’s Report on the New Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus
The formal surveillance report of the widely reported cases of S-OIV infection
By Peggy Sue Weintrub, MD
May 8, 2009
Covering:
Dawood FS et al., N Engl J Med 2009 May 7
Belshe RB., N Engl J Med 2009 May 7
Miller MA et al.,
Brownstein JS et al., N Engl J Med 2009 May 21; 360:2153
Vaccines: Still Key to Child and Community Health
A shift in public perception about vaccine safety threatens the success of immunization programs.
UTI in Preterm Infants
Breast-feeding was associated with lower risk for UTI.
Perinatal and Neonatal Antiretroviral Use — Updated Guidelines
HIV/AIDS Clinical Care Clinical Practice Guideline Watch
The guidelines include new background information but no new clinical recommendations.
May 4, 2009
Covering:
Perinatal HIV Guidelines Working Group.,
Human Infection with Swine Influenza Virus
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Free
The CDC reports two cases of swine influenza (H1N1) infection in children, possibly involving human-to-human transmission.
By Stephen G. Baum, MD
April 24, 2009
Covering:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009 Apr 21; 58d:1
Rhinoviruses Cause Severe Respiratory Infections
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
In a study involving children with severe respiratory infections, rhinoviruses were found in 49% of those with an agent identified.
Occult Bacteremia in the Postpneumococcal Vaccine Era: No More Blood Cultures
Emergency Medicine Summary and Comment
Free
In a study of some 8000 previously healthy, young febrile children with no apparent source of infection, the rate of true-positive blood cultures was only 0.25%.
The Crying Baby: What to Do?
History and physical exam remain the basis for evaluating infants who present with acute, excessive, unexplained crying and for determining which infants require diagnostic testing.
Childhood Appendicitis Protects Against Subsequent Ulcerative Colitis
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Appendectomy without underlying inflammation, however, is not protective.
Preventing Rheumatic Fever: A New Guideline from the AHA
Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline Watch
Free
Correct diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group A streptococcal pharyngitis is necessary for primary prevention of rheumatic fever.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
April 1, 2009
Covering:
Gerber MA et al., Circulation 2009 Mar 24; 119:1541
The Promise of a CMV Vaccine
Women's Health Summary and Comment
Free
A single-antigen CMV vaccine provided substantial protection for postpartum women.
By Anna Wald, MD, MPH
March 18, 2009
Covering:
Pass RF et al., N Engl J Med 2009 Mar 19; 360:1191
Oseltamivir Resistance
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Influenza A viruses are more likely than influenza B viruses to become resistant during oseltamivir treatment in children.
By Stephen G. Baum, MD
March 18, 2009
Covering:
Stephenson I et al., Clin Infect Dis 2009 Feb 15; 48:389
Monto AS., Clin Infect Dis 2009 Feb 15; 48:397
Updated Guidelines for Pediatric Antiretroviral Use
A new version of pediatric HIV treatment guidelines is now available from the Working Group on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of HIV-Infected Children. The . . .
Trends in Otitis Media and Mastoiditis
Mastoiditis is uncommon, and fewer than one third of children who develop it have recent diagnoses of AOM.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
March 4, 2009
Covering:
Thompson PL et al., Pediatrics 2009 Feb; 123:424
Happy Bacteria? No Sweat!
Dermatology Summary and Comment
Sweat contains peptides important to innate cutaneous immunity.
By Mark V. Dahl, MD
February 27, 2009
Covering:
Niyonsaba F et al., Br J Dermatol 2009 Feb; 160:243
LP Is Not Needed for Young Children with First Simple Febrile Seizure
Emergency Medicine Summary and Comment
Free
It’s time for the American Academy of Pediatrics to revise its recommendations for LP.
Are Imaging Studies Useful Predictors of Renal Scarring After Febrile UTI?
Ultrasonography, voiding cystography, and DMSA scintigraphy performed immediately after a first UTI provided little clinical value.
By Robin Drucker, MD
February 25, 2009
Covering:
Montini G et al., Pediatrics 2009 Feb; 123:e239
Nationwide Increase in Antibiotic-Resistant Head and Neck Infections in Children
The prevalence of methicillin- and clindamycin-resistant head and neck infections in children is increasing.
By Peggy Sue Weintrub, MD
February 25, 2009
Covering:
Naseri I et al., Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009 Jan; 135:14
Early-Onset Group B Strep Just Won’t Go Away
Infants still get early-onset GBS even if we follow CDC guidelines.
Testing Population Immunity to Measles
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Three years after a mass vaccination campaign, only 67% of a sample of Zambian children had measles antibodies.
By Mary E. Wilson, MD
February 18, 2009
Covering:
Lowther SA et al., Lancet 2009 Feb 10
Biellik RJ and Brown DWG., Lancet 2009 Feb 10
