Pediatric Hospital Readmissions Vary Widely by Hospital and Diagnoses
Ten diagnoses account for about 30% of readmissions.
By F. Bruder Stapleton, MD
February 6, 2013
Covering:
Berry JG et al., JAMA 2013 Jan 23/30; 309:372
Srivastava R and Keren R., JAMA 2013 Jan 23/30; 309:396
A New Vaccine for Preventing Invasive Hib and Serogroups C and Y Meningococcal Disease in Young Children
A combined meningococcal/<$EMPH_O>Haemophilus influenzae<$EMPH_C> b vaccine was approved for children aged 6 weeks through 18 months who are at increased risk for meningococcal disease.
Enterovirus 71 Vaccine Safe and Immunogenic
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
In a single-site, phase II trial conducted in China, an alum-adjuvanted enterovirus 71 vaccine induced robust antibody response in infants and children.
One Antibiotic or Two for CAP in Children?
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Children aged
Another Infectious Villain
Dermatology Summary and Comment
Free
Incidence of cutaneous mycobacterial infections increased over 30 years in Olmstead County, Minnesota.
By Mark V. Dahl, MD
January 18, 2013
Covering:
Wentworth AB et al., Mayo Clin Proc 2013 Jan; 88:38
Why Do Fully Vaccinated Kids Get Pertussis?
Immunity wanes after the full series, but completing five doses is still our best option for prevention.
Outbreak of Pertussis-Like Illness Caused by Cocirculating Bordetella Species
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Species-specific testing of specimens from 298 patients with confirmed pertussis during an Ohio outbreak revealed <$EMPH_O>Bordetella holmesii<$EMPH_C> in 29%, <$EMPH_O>B. pertussis<$EMPH_C> in 68%, and both species in 2%.
By Neil M. Ampel, MD
January 16, 2013
Covering:
Rodgers L et al., Clin Infect Dis 2013 Feb 1; 56:322
Risk Factors for Pediatric Tuberculosis in the U.S.
Most children with active TB in the U.S. are foreign-born, have a foreign-born parent, or lived outside the U.S. for >2 months.
By Peggy Sue Weintrub, MD
January 9, 2013
Covering:
Winston CA and Menzies HJ., Pediatrics 2012 Dec; 130:e1425
A New Noninvasive Method for Collecting Midstream Urine Samples in Newborns
This bladder- and lumbar-stimulation technique was successful in 86% of neonates.
HIV Risk Behaviors, Infection, and Testing Among Youth
In 2010, 26% of new HIV infections were among youths aged 13 to 24 years.
By Alain Joffe, MD, MPH, FAAP
December 19, 2012
Covering:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2012 Nov 30; 61:971
Would a Third Dose of MMR Vaccine Curb the Uptick in Mumps Outbreaks?
A school-based intervention reduced the mumps attack rate from 4.9% to 0.13% in one community.
By Louis M. Bell, MD
December 12, 2012
Covering:
Ogbuanu IU et al., Pediatrics 2012 Dec; 130:e1567
Barskey AE et al., N Engl J Med 2012 Nov 1; 367:1704
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2012 Dec 7; 61:986
Effectiveness of a 10-Valent Pneumococcal Vaccine in Finland
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
A 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was very effective, whether given as two or three doses plus booster, in infants aged <7 months.
By Robert S. Baltimore, MD
December 12, 2012
Covering:
Palmu AA et al., Lancet 2012 Nov 16
Whitney CG., Lancet 2012 Nov 16
Incomplete Recovery of the Gut Microbiome After Antibiotic Therapy in Infants
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Antibiotic use in infants causes changes in the gut microbiome that persist for at least 8 weeks.
By Thomas Glück, MD
December 5, 2012
Covering:
Fouhy F et al., Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012 Nov; 56:5811
Bed Nets, Cotrimoxazole ... and Now Protease Inhibitors to Reduce Childhood Malaria?
The incidence of malaria was reduced by 41% among HIV-infected children who received lopinavir/ritonavir rather than nevirapine or efavirenz.
By Holly E. Rawizza, MD
December 3, 2012
Covering:
Achan J et al., N Engl J Med 2012 Nov 29; 367:2110
A Useful Marker of Invasive Disease in Well-Appearing Febrile Infants
Procalcitonin is better than C-reactive protein and white blood cell count for predicting bacterial infection in well-appearing infants aged <3 months.
Risky Sexual Behavior Is Common Among Teens with Perinatally Acquired HIV Infection
Equally worrisome: Nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy often accompanies sexual activity.
By Abigail Zuger, MD
November 26, 2012
Covering:
Tassiopoulous K et al., Clin Infect Dis 2012 Nov 7
Updated DHHS Pediatric Antiretroviral Treatment Guidelines
HIV/AIDS Clinical Care Clinical Practice Guideline Watch
ART should now be considered for all children, regardless of immunologic or clinical status. The strength of the recommendation varies by age and CD4-cell count/percentage.
By Holly Rawizza, MD
November 19, 2012
Covering:
Panel on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of HIV-Infected Children.,
Updated Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Strep Pharyngitis
Emergency Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline Watch
Free
The 2012 IDSA guidelines strongly emphasize using testing to guide treatment.
Procalcitonin for Detecting Serious Bacterial Infection in Young Children
Emergency Medicine Summary and Comment
Procalcitonin performed better than white blood cell count and C-reactive protein.
By Katherine Bakes, MD
November 16, 2012
Covering:
Yo CH et al., Ann Emerg Med 2012 Nov; 60:591
Retrospective Review of Children with Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis
Most patients were girls with multifocal recurrent disease and family history of autoimmune disease.
Does Early Otitis Media Lead to IBD?
Another potential long-term consequence of indiscriminate antibiotic use
Topical Ivermectin Lotion for the Treatment of Head Lice
Dermatology Summary and Comment
Free
One 10-minute application was very effective and could help avoid systemic medication.
By Mary Wu Chang, MD
October 31, 2012
Covering:
Pariser DM et al., N Engl J Med 2012 Nov 1; 367:1687
Eczema Herpeticum in Children: Predictors of Hospitalization
Dermatology Summary and Comment
The danger of recurrence makes it important to control atopic dermatitis and recognize the signs of eczema herpeticum.
By Mary Wu Chang, MD
October 12, 2012
Covering:
Luca NJC et al., J Pediatr 2012 Oct; 161:671
Pediatric Mortality Risk During the H1N1 Pandemic Flu Season
Underlying neurologic disease is associated with mortality.
Can CLABSI Rates Be Reduced in Pediatric Oncology Patients?
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Implementation of a central-line maintenance care bundle resulted in reductions of 20% to 64%, but the decreases were not statistically significant.
