Human Infection with Swine Influenza Virus
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
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The CDC reports two cases of swine influenza (H1N1) infection in children, possibly involving human-to-human transmission.
By Stephen G. Baum, MD
April 24, 2009
Covering:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009 Apr 21; 58d:1
Rhinoviruses Cause Severe Respiratory Infections
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
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In a study involving children with severe respiratory infections, rhinoviruses were found in 49% of those with an agent identified.
Occult Bacteremia in the Postpneumococcal Vaccine Era: No More Blood Cultures
Emergency Medicine Summary and Comment
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In a study of some 8000 previously healthy, young febrile children with no apparent source of infection, the rate of true-positive blood cultures was only 0.25%.
The Crying Baby: What to Do?
History and physical exam remain the basis for evaluating infants who present with acute, excessive, unexplained crying and for determining which infants require diagnostic testing.
Childhood Appendicitis Protects Against Subsequent Ulcerative Colitis
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Appendectomy without underlying inflammation, however, is not protective.
Preventing Rheumatic Fever: A New Guideline from the AHA
Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline Watch
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Correct diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of group A streptococcal pharyngitis is necessary for primary prevention of rheumatic fever.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
April 1, 2009
Covering:
Gerber MA et al., Circulation 2009 Mar 24; 119:1541
The Promise of a CMV Vaccine
Women's Health Summary and Comment
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A single-antigen CMV vaccine provided substantial protection for postpartum women.
By Anna Wald, MD, MPH
March 18, 2009
Covering:
Pass RF et al., N Engl J Med 2009 Mar 19; 360:1191
Oseltamivir Resistance
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Influenza A viruses are more likely than influenza B viruses to become resistant during oseltamivir treatment in children.
By Stephen G. Baum, MD
March 18, 2009
Covering:
Stephenson I et al., Clin Infect Dis 2009 Feb 15; 48:389
Monto AS., Clin Infect Dis 2009 Feb 15; 48:397
Updated Guidelines for Pediatric Antiretroviral Use
A new version of pediatric HIV treatment guidelines is now available from the Working Group on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of HIV-Infected Children. The . . .
Trends in Otitis Media and Mastoiditis
Mastoiditis is uncommon, and fewer than one third of children who develop it have recent diagnoses of AOM.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
March 4, 2009
Covering:
Thompson PL et al., Pediatrics 2009 Feb; 123:424
Happy Bacteria? No Sweat!
Dermatology Summary and Comment
Sweat contains peptides important to innate cutaneous immunity.
By Mark V. Dahl, MD
February 27, 2009
Covering:
Niyonsaba F et al., Br J Dermatol 2009 Feb; 160:243
LP Is Not Needed for Young Children with First Simple Febrile Seizure
Emergency Medicine Summary and Comment
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It’s time for the American Academy of Pediatrics to revise its recommendations for LP.
Are Imaging Studies Useful Predictors of Renal Scarring After Febrile UTI?
Ultrasonography, voiding cystography, and DMSA scintigraphy performed immediately after a first UTI provided little clinical value.
By Robin Drucker, MD
February 25, 2009
Covering:
Montini G et al., Pediatrics 2009 Feb; 123:e239
Nationwide Increase in Antibiotic-Resistant Head and Neck Infections in Children
The prevalence of methicillin- and clindamycin-resistant head and neck infections in children is increasing.
By Peggy Sue Weintrub, MD
February 25, 2009
Covering:
Naseri I et al., Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009 Jan; 135:14
Early-Onset Group B Strep Just Won’t Go Away
Infants still get early-onset GBS even if we follow CDC guidelines.
Testing Population Immunity to Measles
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Three years after a mass vaccination campaign, only 67% of a sample of Zambian children had measles antibodies.
By Mary E. Wilson, MD
February 18, 2009
Covering:
Lowther SA et al., Lancet 2009 Feb 10
Biellik RJ and Brown DWG., Lancet 2009 Feb 10
Treatment of Otitis Media and Incidence of Mastoiditis
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Antibiotic treatment for otitis media halved the risk for mastoiditis, but 4831 antibiotic prescriptions were needed to prevent one case.
Burden of RSV Infection in Young Children
General Medicine Summary and Comment
The authors estimate that, in young children, RSV infection is associated with 1 of 334 hospitalizations, 1 of 38 ED visits, and 1 of 13 primary care outpatient visits annually in the U.S.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
February 10, 2009
Covering:
Hall CB et al., N Engl J Med 2009 Feb 5; 360:588
Vicks: To Rub or Not to Rub
Emergency Medicine Summary and Comment
An animal study raises additional questions about the use of Vicks VapoRub in young children.
Invasive H. influenzae Infection in Children in Minnesota
<$EMPH_O>H. influenzae<$EMPH_C> is on the rise in Minnesota.
By Peggy Sue Weintrub, MD
February 4, 2009
Covering:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009 Jan 30; 58:58
Occult Bacteremia Is Rare in Young Children with Unexplained Fever
Since introduction of the pneumococcal vaccine, urinary tract infection has become the most common bacterial infection in children who have fever without localizing signs.
Need for Lumbar Puncture in Children with Simple Febrile Seizure
The decision to perform lumbar puncture in a child with a simple febrile seizure should depend more on the history and physical examination than just on the age of the patient.
Rapid Viral Testing in Febrile Infants
A positive viral screen should obviate the need for antibiotic prescription or further testing (other than a possible urine culture) in febrile infants who appear relatively well.
RSV Infection in Young Children
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
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In recent years, the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in otherwise healthy youngsters has been unexpectedly large.
Interfering with Plantar Warts
Dermatology Summary and Comment
Interferon injection produced a surprisingly good cure rate for single plantar warts.
By Mark V. Dahl, MD
January 23, 2009
Covering:
Aksakal AA et al., Clin Exp Dermatol 2009 Jan; 34:16
