How Dangerous Is Postnatal CMV Acquired via Human Milk?
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
In this small, single-center study, the researchers found no clinical effect on neonatal outcome.
By Robert S. Baltimore, MD
May 5, 2006
Covering:
Neuberger P et al., J Pediatr 2006 Mar; 148:326-31
Antiemetic Drug Enhances Oral Rehydration in Children
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Ondansetron before oral rehydration in the ED resulted in less vomiting and more effective rehydration.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
April 28, 2006
Covering:
Freedman SB et al., N Engl J Med 2006 Apr 20; 354:1698-705
Mumps Is Back
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Free
A high vaccination rate did not prevent a large outbreak of mumps in Iowa.
By Stephen G. Baum, MD
April 21, 2006
Covering:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2006 Apr 7; 55:366-8
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2006 Apr 14; 55:401-2
Neonatal Meningitis: Do We Have a Clue?
Several features can distinguish meningitis caused by gram-negative rods from that caused by gram-positive cocci.
By William P. Kanto, Jr., MD
April 21, 2006
Covering:
Smith PB et al., J Perinatol 2006 Feb; 26:111-4
Rheumatic Fever: Less Frequent, But Not Gone!
The reduced incidence may be partly explained by a decreased incidence of rheumatogenic strains and an increased incidence of nonrheumatogenic strains of group A streptococcus.
By Peggy Sue Weintrub, MD
April 21, 2006
Covering:
Shulman ST et al., Clin Infect Dis 2006 Feb 15; 42:441-7
PCV-7 in Children: Effect on Community Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Pneumococcal vaccine reduces penicillin-resistant invasive disease, but nonvaccine strains are emerging.
By Neil R. Blacklow, MD
April 21, 2006
Covering:
Kyaw MH et al., N Engl J Med 2006 Apr 6; 354:1455-63
High Costs of HCV Infection in Children
General Medicine Summary and Comment
These authors estimate that treating children with chronic HCV infection will cost between US$168 million and $404 million during the next decade.
By Robert A. Dershewitz, MD, MSc
April 21, 2006
Covering:
Jhaveri R et al., J Pediatr 2006 Mar; 148:353-8
New Pneumococcal Vaccine Prevents Otitis Caused by H. influenzae
General Medicine Summary and Comment
This new vaccine significantly reduced the overall incidence of acute otitis media.
By Bruce Soloway, MD
April 14, 2006
Covering:
Prymula R et al., Lancet 2006 Mar 4; 367:740-8
Protracted Mononucleosis: Reassuring Follow-Up
Neither viral load nor immunologic response correlates with duration of disease.
By Peggy Sue Weintrub, MD
April 7, 2006
Covering:
Cameron B et al., J Infect Dis 2006 Mar 1; 193:664-71
Humidity and Viral Croup: No Value in Any Form
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Free
The commonly accepted treatment for croup was found to have no benefit.
By Thomas L. Schwenk, MD
March 24, 2006
Covering:
Scolnik D et al., JAMA 2006 Mar 15; 295:1274-80
A New Drug for Postexposure Prophylaxis of Varicella: When and How to Use It
A new investigational drug (VariZIG) is available for postexposure prophylaxis of varicella in high-risk patients.
By Peggy Sue Weintrub, MD
March 24, 2006
Covering:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2006 Mar 3; 55:209-10
CoNS Bacteremia in Neonates: Not Necessarily Benign
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Thrombocytopenia, which often occurs in neonates with severe sepsis, was seen in neonates with persistent coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteremia.
By Robert S. Baltimore, MD
March 24, 2006
Covering:
Khashu M et al., Pediatrics 2006 Feb; 117:340-8
In Neonates, One Culture Is Enough
A prospective study offers evidence that a single blood culture is sufficient for the diagnosis of sepsis in newborns.
By William P. Kanto, Jr., MD
March 24, 2006
Covering:
Sarkar S et al., J Perinatol 2006 Jan; 26:18-22
Can a Single Mass Antibiotic Treatment Eradicate Endemic Trachoma?
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Such treatment reduced but did not eliminate trachoma in eight Ethiopian villages.
By Neil R. Blacklow, MD
March 24, 2006
Covering:
Chidambaram JD et al., JAMA 2006 Mar 8; 295:1142-6
Antimicrobial Agents for Pertussis Treatment and Postexposure Prophylaxis
Infectious Diseases Clinical Practice Guideline Watch
After many years of decline, pertussis incidence is on the rise again despite high childhood vaccination compliance.
By Stephen G. Baum, MD
March 24, 2006
Covering:
Tiwari T et al., MMWR Recomm Rep 2005 Dec 9; 54:1-16
Sinusitis: New Guidelines, Similar Recommendations
Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline Watch
The new guidelines closely follow those released in 2001 by the AAP.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
March 10, 2006
Covering:
Slavin RG et al., J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005 Dec; 116:S13-47
C. difficile –Associated Diarrhea in Low-Risk Populations
Emergency Medicine Summary and Comment
Cases were identified in patients without known risk factors.
By Diane M. Birnbaumer, MD, FACEP
February 28, 2006
Covering:
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2005 Dec 2; 54:1201-5
Immune Globulin Treatment for Infant Botulism
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Free
In two trials, prompt treatment with a human-derived botulism antitoxin decreased illness severity, shortened hospital stays, and reduced costs.
By Robert S. Baltimore, MD
February 24, 2006
Covering:
Arnon SS et al., N Engl J Med 2006 Feb 2; 354:462-71
New Treatment for Infant Botulism
A human-derived botulism antitoxin (BIG-IV) is safe and effective for treatment of infant botulism.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
February 24, 2006
Covering:
Arnon SS et al., N Engl J Med 2006 Feb 2; 354:462-71
Earlier Recognition of Meningococcal Disease?
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
Free
Nonspecific symptoms of sepsis, such as leg pain, cold hands and feet, and abnormal skin color, preceded classic findings in children with meningococcal disease.
By Mary E. Wilson, MD
February 24, 2006
Covering:
Thompson MJ et al., Lancet 2006 Feb 4; 367:397-403
Two More Cases of Oseltamivir-Resistant Avian Influenza
In some patients, incomplete viral suppression by standard-dose oseltamivir might lead to drug-resistant strains.
By Allan S. Brett, MD
February 24, 2006
Covering:
de Jong MD et al., N Engl J Med 2005 Dec 22; 353:2667-72
Moscona A., N Engl J Med 2005 Dec 22; 353:2633-6
New Treatment for Infant Botulism
General Medicine Summary and Comment
A human-derived botulism antitoxin (BIG-IV) is safe and effective for treatment of infant botulism.
By Howard Bauchner, MD
February 17, 2006
Covering:
Arnon SS et al., N Engl J Med 2006 Feb 2; 354:462-71
A Definitive Look at Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome
Dermatology Summary and Comment
The common dermatosis Gianotti-Crosti syndrome (GCS), which affects children aged 2 to 6 years, was first reported in 1953 by an Italian dermatology resident. He . . .
By Mary Wu Chang, MD
February 14, 2006
Covering:
Brandt O et al., J Am Acad Dermatol 2006 Jan; 54:136-45
Influenza A Treatment: Our Shrinking Armamentarium
The CDC recommends against the use of adamantanes for treating influenza A for the remainder of the 2005–2006 flu season.
By Peggy Sue Weintrub, MD
February 10, 2006
Covering:
Bright RA et al., JAMA 2006 Feb 2; 295:e1-4
Treating Kawasaki Disease: Brand of IVIG Matters
Infectious Diseases Summary and Comment
One brand, prepared with ß-propiolactone, was associated with significantly higher rates of nonresponsiveness and of coronary artery abnormalities at convalescence.
By Robert S. Baltimore, MD
February 7, 2006
Covering:
Tsai MH et al., J Pediatr 2006 Jan; 148:38-43
