Sleeve Gastrectomy for Morbid Obesity
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Complication rates and weight-loss outcomes were between those of gastric bypass and gastric banding.
Will New USDA School Meal Standards Reduce Obesity?
Weight status was better in students who received subsidized school lunches in states that exceeded nutrition standards.
By Cornelius W. Van Niel, MD
May 15, 2013
Covering:
Taber DR et al., JAMA Pediatr 2013 Apr 8
Nestle M., JAMA Pediatr 2013 Apr 8
Orlistat Probably Doesn't Cause Acute Liver Injury
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Excess risk for liver injury was present for 90 days before and after first orlistat prescription.
Salutary Effects of Lower Energy Intake, Higher Physical Activity, and Weight Loss in Cuba
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Weight changes related to economic hardship and recovery were associated with changes in diabetes incidence and cardiovascular-related mortality.
Financial Incentives Motivate People to Lose Weight
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Adding competition to a weight-loss financial intervention made it effective.
Reassessing the Safety of Alcohol Consumption After a Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Women's Health Summary and Comment
A cohort study found modest alcohol intake to be associated with enhanced cardiovascular and overall survival.
By Andrew M. Kaunitz, MD
April 25, 2013
Covering:
Newcomb PA et al., J Clin Oncol 2013 Apr 8
Demark-Wahnefried W and Goodwin PJ., J Clin Oncol 2013 Apr 8
Does Vitamin D in Pregnancy Affect Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes?
Women's Health Summary and Comment
Vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy was associated with maternal and neonatal morbidities, but did not affect bone density in children.
Self-Help Intervention for Childhood Obesity Has Potential for Use in Primary Care
This 5-month intervention was associated with weight loss at 6 months post-treatment.
Separating the Effects of Early Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain on Adult Health
In low- and middle-income countries, overemphasis on rapid weight gain after age 2 years could increase the health burden in adults.
By F. Bruder Stapleton, MD
April 24, 2013
Covering:
Adair LS et al., Lancet 2013 Mar 28
Bhutta ZA., Lancet 2013 Mar 28
Higher Potassium Intake Lowers Blood Pressure and Is Associated with Less Risk for Stroke
General Medicine Summary and Comment
A BP-lowering effect was noted in hypertensive people and those with high sodium intake.
Low-Fat Milk Might Not Have Intended Effect in Preschoolers
Preschoolers who drank low-fat milk were more likely to be overweight than those who drank whole milk.
Weight Loss with Lifestyle Interventions in the Seriously Mentally Ill
Psychiatry Summary and Comment
An 18-month intervention using exercise and weight management shows modest promise.
By Joel Yager, MD
April 8, 2013
Covering:
Daumit GL et al., N Engl J Med 2013 Mar 21
Does Race Affect Perceptions of Healthy Body Weight?
Women's Health Summary and Comment
Black women were less likely than white women to perceive their weight as unhealthy, irrespective of actual body-mass index.
By Diane E. Judge, APN/CNP
April 4, 2013
Covering:
Thomas S et al., Menopause 2013 Mar; 20:269
Roth LW., Menopause 2013 Mar; 20:250
A Parent-Focused Intervention to Reduce Childhood Obesity
Children of parents who received dietary counseling during the first 15 months of life ate less sweetened foods and watched less television.
By Louis M. Bell, MD
April 3, 2013
Covering:
Campbell KJ et al., Pediatrics 2013 Apr; 131:652
Benefits of Smoking Cessation Prevail over Risks for Subsequent Modest Weight Gain
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Concerns about weight gain should not dissuade clinicians from encouraging patients to quit.
FTO, BMI, and Melanoma Risk
Dermatology Summary and Comment
A single nucleotide polymorphism significantly and independently associated with melanoma risk is identified in a gene otherwise associated with obesity.
Long-Term Exclusive Breast-Feeding Does Not Prevent Childhood Obesity
An intervention that promoted exclusive breast-feeding did not reduce adiposity.
Correcting Low Vitamin D Levels in Obese Adolescents Improves Insulin Sensitivity
Adolescents who took 4000 IU of vitamin D3 daily had lower fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance than controls.
Can Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation Prevent Autism?
Women's Health Summary and Comment
Periconceptional folate supplementation was associated with lower risk for autism spectrum disorders in a nationwide Norwegian cohort.
Mediterranean Diet Lowers Rates of Adverse Cardiovascular Events
General Medicine Summary and Comment
In a primary prevention trial, this diet modestly outperformed a low-fat diet.
Is Sugar Intake Specifically Driving the Diabetes Epidemic?
General Medicine Summary and Comment
In a country-by-country analysis, sugar availability is related to prevalence of diabetes.
High Calcium Intake Is Associated with Earlier Mortality in Women
General Medicine Summary and Comment
Higher death rates occurred with daily intakes exceeding 1400 mg.
High Supplemental Calcium Intake Is Associated with Cardiovascular Death
General Medicine Summary and Comment
But elevated risk was only in men and only for death from heart disease.
By Thomas L. Schwenk, MD
February 26, 2013
Covering:
Xiao Q et al., JAMA Intern Med 2013 Feb 4
Larsson SC., JAMA Intern Med 2013 Feb 4
Why Do Adults in the U.S. Use Dietary Supplements?
General Medicine Summary and Comment
A survey says mostly to improve or maintain overall health.
Short-Term Folic Acid Supplementation Has No Effect on Cancer Incidence
General Medicine Summary and Comment
However, effects on cancer risk beyond about 5 years are unknown.
By Bruce Soloway, MD
February 21, 2013
Covering:
Vollset SE et al., Lancet 2013 Jan 25
Miller JW and Ulrich CM., Lancet 2013 Jan 25
