Respiratory Infections
The latest information on antibiotics, bronchitis, influenza, pneumonia, and more, drawn from across our primary care and specialty care areas. Sign up now for monthly e-mail alerts on new content.
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Drug-Resistant TB Among Gold Miners in South AfricaFree
- February 3, 2010
- Mary E. Wilson, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Among gold miners in South Africa (many of them HIV infected), TB drug resistance spread despite treatment adherence.
- Reviewing:
- Calver AD et al. Emerg Infect Dis 2010 Feb; 16:264
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
TB Recurrence: Reinfection or Relapse?Free
- February 1, 2010
- Carlos del Rio, MD
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
Recurrences after successful TB treatment are more common among HIV-positive than HIV-negative patients, and the reasons are different: About half the recurrences in HIV-positive patients represent reinfection rather than reactivation.
- Reviewing:
- Crampin AC et al. AIDS 2010 Jan 28; 24:417
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Isoniazid Prophylaxis in HIV-Infected PatientsFree
- February 1, 2010
- Shahin Lockman, MD, MSc
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
HIV-infected patients who received isoniazid preventive therapy as part of a clinical trial in Botswana had low rates of incident tuberculosis and severe adverse events; adherence was quite high.
- Reviewing:
- Mosimaneotsile B et al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2009 Nov 20
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Three Studies Demonstrate the Safety and Efficacy of Pandemic H1N1 Flu VaccineFree
- January 21, 2010
- Bruce Soloway, MD
- General Medicine
Results are in from studies in the U.S., China, and Hungary.
- Reviewing:
- Plennevaux E et al. Lancet 2010 Jan 2; 375:41
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Respiratory Infections in the Setting of HIV
- January 15, 2010
- Sonia Nagy Chimienti, MD
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
Viral pathogens were identified in about 65% of HIV-infected patients seeking outpatient care for respiratory symptoms. Influenza viruses were most common, followed by hMPV.
- Reviewing:
- Klein MB et al. J Infect Dis 2010 Jan 15; 201:297
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Incidence and Case Fatality Rates of Novel 2009 Pandemic A/H1N1 Influenza in EnglandFree
- January 14, 2010
- Paul S. Mueller, MD, MPH, FACP
- General Medicine
H1N1 influenza incidence was highest among children, but H1N1-associated mortality was highest among elders. CME
- Reviewing:
- Donaldson LJ et al. BMJ 2009 Dec 10; 339:b5213
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Human Metapneumovirus: Innocent Bystander or Important Pathogen?Free
- January 13, 2010
- Robert S. Baltimore, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Among young children with alveolar infiltrates, HMPV was second only to RSV as a viral pathogen.
- Reviewing:
- Wolf DG et al. J Pediatr 2010 Jan; 156:115
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Air Pollution and Pneumonia
- January 13, 2010
- Neil M. Ampel, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Among older adults, long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and fine particulates was associated with hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia.
- Reviewing:
- Neupane B et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010 Jan 1; 181:47
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Sporulation in Mycobacteria: Another Look
- January 13, 2010
- Richard T. Ellison III, MD
- Infectious Diseases
Researchers have challenged the results of a study indicating that mycobacteria can produce endospores.
- Reviewing:
- Traag BA et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009 Dec 22
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Clinical Outcomes of H1N1 Influenza in California Women During Pregnancy and PostpartumFree
- January 7, 2010
- Anna Wald, MD, MPH
- Women's Health
Risk for severe illness and death extended into the postpartum period.
- Reviewing:
- Louie JK et al. N Engl J Med 2010 Jan 7; 362:27
