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Respiratory Infections

The latest information on antibiotics, bronchitis, influenza, pneumonia, and more, drawn from across our primary care and specialty care areas. Sign up now for monthly e-mail alerts on new content.

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Obesity Worsens the Flu in Mice and Men

Further, in obese mice, preventive measures often fail.

DRUG WATCH

Should Efavirenz Be Dosed Higher When Coadministered with Rifampin?Free

The FDA recommends a dosage increase in patients weighing ≥50 kg, but data on the interaction between these drugs are inconsistent.

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Influenza in Neurologically Compromised Patients

An outbreak of influenza in patients with incapacitating neurological conditions caused severe infection, despite immunization.

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

PPIs and CAP, Revisited

In a retrospective, nested case-control study, the risk for community-acquired pneumonia was 29% higher with current use of a proton-pump inhibitor than with past use.

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Rhinoviruses Cause Severe Disease in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Among premature infants in Buenos Aires, rhinoviruses were the most common cause of all acute respiratory infections, of bronchiolitis, and of hospitalization for such illnesses.

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

H1N1 Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy Is Protective and Safe

One dose of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 vaccine given during the second or third trimester induced seroprotection in the women and their newborns.

Clarity on When to Start ART in Active TB

For HIV/TB-coinfected patients with advanced immunosuppression, the survival benefit of starting ART within the first 2 weeks after initiation of TB therapy outweighs the risks for IRIS and other adverse events.

CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE WATCH

Recommendations for Use of Short-Course Isoniazid-Rifapentine for Latent TBFree

This two-drug regimen, administered weekly for just 12 weeks, is efficacious in preventing active disease in patients with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Posaconazole or Voriconazole Potentially Useful for Refractory Coccidioidomycosis

Fourteen of 21 patients on voriconazole and 12 of 16 on posaconazole improved when these drugs were used as salvage therapy.

SUMMARY AND COMMENT

Effective Short-Course Treatment for Latent Tuberculosis

Three months of isoniazid plus rifapentine worked as well as 9 months of isoniazid.

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